What does a standard score represent in assessment?

A standard score represents a measurement that has been normed based on a large population, which allows for meaningful comparisons of an individual's performance against a broader group. Standard scores are typically derived from raw scores through statistical processes that account for the average performance and variability within a specific population. This standardization is essential in assessments as it provides a context for interpreting where an individual stands relative to peers, making it possible to identify strengths and areas needing support.

In contrast to other options, qualitative data focuses on descriptive characteristics, which don't translate easily into a standard score. A subjective assessment is dependent on personal opinions or interpretations rather than a standardized measure, limiting its reliability. Lastly, a percentage of correct responses conveys performance but does not specify how that performance compares to a norm group, which is essential for understanding the significance of the score in a broader context. Thus, option B is the only choice that accurately reflects the purpose and utility of standard scores in assessment.